Shutter actuating mechanism, particularly for reflex cameras



Sept. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE 2,257,012

SHUTTER AGTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet l 1 36 .95 4o 4/ P W :I' 39 45 H 3/ 5:: 44 A ll 38- H5 4 3K in 3 0:: PI; 5 "W; i I 46 "W1 I Z k Edsow 5. Hineiine,

p 1941- E. s. HlNELlNE 2,257,012

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 I wvenior: Edkson 8. Hawaii/"we,

Sept. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE .2 1

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR'REFLEX CAMERAS "ori inal Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet s I nveniar." Edsou 8. HimZine,

Sept. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE 2,257, SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS l2 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 Inve nioz": Ezbsou 8. Hzimlzine, a /W d1 Sgpt. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE 2, 7,012 7 SHUTT ER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 I nven 202". Edsou 8.Hzl%elzlne,

12 Sheets-Sheet 6 E. s. HINELINE SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANI SM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS -0riginal Filed Ap. 5, 1939 Sept. 23, 1941.

Inve 2210?": Edison 6. Hz'neiine, 33 13M,

P 1941- E. SRHINELINE 2,257,012 I SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 7 1 fmvewiozft l jd-sou 8.1122402 40,

Sept. 23,1941.

SHUTTER ACTUATING E. s. HINELINE 2,257,012

MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1959 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 Iuvenior: Edson 6.Hi%eli%e 29 @2044 1 4k Sgpt. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE 2.2579

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 as K . mm A96 I luvewior.

Edson S. Him Zine,

Sept. 23, 1941. E. s. HIINELINEV SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet l0 8 A] H M Z M r0 5 M /4 a W a QM 4 0% 0 4a 7 4 3 a a 3 m 6 a 3 E a E n 2 Sept. 23, 1941. E. S. HINELINE 2 7,

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 11 Sept. 23, 1941. E. s. HINELINE SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM, PARTICULARLY FOR REFLEX CAMERAS Original Filed Aug. 5, 1939 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 Ina/024202". Edsoa 8.1713 1421222102,

' thereof;

Patented Sept. 23.1941

snumn surname MECHANISM, ran- TICULARLY Foa REFLEX CAMERAS Edson S. Hinellne, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to The Folmer Graiiex Corporation, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Oril application August 5, 1939, Serial No. Divided and this ap c tion January 28, 1941, Serial No. 376,306

. 18 Claims.

This application is an exact division of my copending application Ser. No.'288,505, filed August 5, 1939, now Patent No. 2,233,345, dated February 25, 1941, and is filed in compliance with an oincial requirement for division. However, owing to the intimate relation of the subject matter 01 this divided-outinvention to that of said original application, it i necessary to reproduce in their entirety the original specification and drawings. 7

This invention relates to photographic cameras of novel construction lending itself to modern manufacturing practices.

In order that the principle of the invention may be readily understood, I have disclosed a single embodiment or example thereof in the accompanying drawings, wherein I Fig. 1 is a top plan view 01 the camera showing the location of the various controls;

Fig. 2 is a rear view oi Fig: 1 with the filma loading door removed;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 when the curtains are fully run down, being in substance a side elevation of Fig. 4; p

Fig. 7 is a section of Fig. 6 on the line 1-! Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail in ter speed setting dial and knob;

Fig. 9 is a partial topplan view of the camera with the shutter mechanism plate removed to show the shutter mechanism in set condition;

Fig. 10 is a detail of the second curtain release lever Fig. 11 is an edge view of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail oi the idler gear pivot plate;

Fig. 13 is a detail in section showing the mirror reset mechanism;

g Fig. 14 we vertical transverse section through the shutter and film transport mechanism, showing its relationship to the mirror reset mecham;

Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional detail of the mirror release lever and the mirror reset mechanism; Y Y

. l8 is'a top plan view similar toFig. 9,

plan of theshutwherein the shutter hasibeen released and the first curtain has run all the way down; 7

Fig. l'lis a vertical transverse section through the camera showing the position of the mirror after it has been released and the relation oi its associated parts;

Fig. 18 is a detail 01 the mirror reset cam memher, the first curtain having run all the way down;

Fig. 19 is a vertical transverse section through the camera showing the position ot'the mechanism when the shutter has been 'rewound and is ready for a second exposure;

Fig. 20 is an enlarged detail of the mirror reset cam member in the position it occupies when the mechanism is positioned as in Fig. 19

Fig. 21 is a top plan view similar to Fig. 9, both curtains, however, having been released and run all the way down;

Fig. 22 is an enlarged detail of the bulb exposure rocker arm;

Fig. 23 is an edge view of Fig. 22;

Fig. 24 is a plan view of part of the shutter mechanism showing the position 01 the slow shutter speed retarding lever when the retard ing lever is about to release the second curtain:

Fig. 25 is an enlarged detail of the slow shutter speed retarding lever;

Fig. 26 is a plan view similar to Fig. 8, excepting that the dial has been moved to indicate a speed oi. .001 second;

Fig. 27 is an enlarged plan view with a part of the shutter winding mechanism cut away to more clearly show the construction of the rewinding friction drive, a section of the shutter plate having been cut away to show more clearly the operation of some of the parts;

' Fig. 28 is an enlarged detail assembly in trans- .verse section showing the relation of the slow 7 showing the curtain rollers, the film rewind spool in section and the. slow shutter speed retarding mechanism;

Fig. 30 is an enlarged plan view slow speed retarding mechanism;

Fig. 31 is an enlarged detail of "a part of the or the shutter slow shutter speed control member;

Fig. 32 is a top plan view 01 the camera with the film feed mechanism cover removed to show the film feed mechanism, a part of the shutter mechanism cover having been broken away to show the interlock between iilm winding mechanism and 111m iced mechanism; 1

one of the curtain rollers, showing the film measuring mechanism;

Fig. 37 is an enlarged detail of the film measuring mechanism when in condition to allow the rewinding of film to the position of first exposure;

Fig. 38 is an enlarged detail showing the condition of the film measuring or spacing mecha nism during rewinding of film, but before the interlocking mechanism has commenced to function; and

Fig. 39 is a detail of a bulb operating rocker arm and a cooperating bell crank.

Important objects of my invention are to provide a camera, particularly of the reflex type, with a self-capping shutter that is rewound automatically with the winding of the film, to provide means for obtaining slow shutter speeds without the manipulation of auxiliary winding knobs and to provide shutter rewinding mechanism interlocking with the film feeding mechanism, to prevent the possibility of double exposure.

I shall refer first to the general construction of operating parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Therein the shutter cover plate is indicated at l3, the index mechanism cover plate at IS, the camera body at 20, the objective lens at 3|, the release button at 32, the camera back latches at 23, 23, the film winding lever at 34, 24, the shutter setting or shutter winding knob at 33, the slow shutter speed pointer at 33, the slow shutter speed knob at 31, the ground glass screen at 33, the exposure frame window at 23 and the counter dial knob at 33.

The take-up spool .shaft is indicated at 3| in Fig. 2 and elsewhere, the take-up spool driving dogs at 33, the take-up spool shaft at 33, and the I take-up spool housing at 34. The camera is provided with two curtains of which the No. 1 curtain is indicated at 33 and the No. 2 curtain at 35A. The No. 2 curtain ribbons are indicated at 33, 36, and the No. l curtain ribbons at 31, 31.

The first or No. 1 curtain take-up roller is indi-- cated at 33 and the second or No. 2 curtain takeup roller at 33. The tension roller for the second curtain is indicated at 43, and the tension roller for the first curtain is indicated at 4|. The takeoff spool housing is indicated at 42, the take-off spool shaft at 43, the take-oi! spool driving dog at 44, the take-off spool stud shaft at 43 and the tripod socket at 43.

In the use of the camera, a spool of sensitized material customarily r'eferred to as the film is placed in a film chamber 41 indicated at the right in Fig. 2. The film is led across back of the camera onto a take-up spool in the spool chamber 43, and is caused to be wound up by 'the action of the winding lever 34, as will be more The position of the said two curtains, when the camera mechanism is in condition for making an exposure, is clearly shown in Fig. 2, wherein the curtain ribbons 31, 31 of the first curtain 33 are entirely wound up on the spool or roller 33, the second curtain 33A being wound up on spool or roller 33. Said first curtain 33 is also attached to curtain roller 4| and second curtain ribbons 33, 33 are attached to curtain tension roller 43. The curtain roller or spool 33 is provided with a pinion 43 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, as meshing with the curtain winding gear 33 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and upon a larger scale in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and elsewhere. The curtain spool or roller 33 is provided with a pinion 3|, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 as meshing with curtain winding gear 33, also shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and shown upon a larger scale in Figs. 6 and 7 and el'sewhere. The said pinions 43 and 3| and the curtain winding gears 33 and 33 are most clearly shown in Fig. 17, enlarged details being, however, shown in Figs. 3 to 7.

As shown in Fig. 5, the curtain winding gear 53 has attached a hub 33 and cam plate 34 is also attached by rivets 34a (Fig. 9). Cam plate 34 has a notch 33 clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Gear 33 also has a stud or pin 33 hereinafter referred to. Gear 33 has an upper hub 31, a lower hub 33, a rewind pin 33, release pin 33 and slow shutter control pin 3|. Gear 33 is carried on shaft 33 and keyed thereto by means of a spline clearly shown in Fig. 14. Gear 33 is free to rotate on shaft 33 through a part of a revolution, and is separated from gear 33 by a suitable thrust I washer and from mechanism-housing lower plate 35 by thrust washer 33. A stoppin i1 is attached to mechanism-housing plate 33, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The purpose of stop pin 31 is to engage pin 3| in gear 33 when the second curtain has traveled its full distance.

The purpose of pin 33 on curtain-winding gear 53 and rewind pin 33 on curtain winding gear 52 is to cause said gear 33 to beparried with gear 53 when gear 33 is turned in a contraclockwise direction to rewind the shutter curtain. Pins 33 and serve also to hold the second curtain when the shutter is in an entirely rewoundcondition. Attached to the lower part of shaft 33, as shown in Figs. 14, 17 and 19, is a cam member 33 keyed to shaft 33 by pin 33 and held in place with lock ring 33a (Figs. 17 and 19). The said cam member 33 carries a dog 13 which engages with stop member II attached to mechanism bracket 13 and camera wall I3 (Figs. 14, 17, 29, 30, etc.) with screws l4, 14. most clearly shown in Fig. 17. The purpose of this stop is to limit the motion of the first curtain winding gear 33 at the completion of its travel.

Again referring to Fig. 2, the curtain take-up roller 33 is provided on its lower end with a formation (not shown) engaging a bearing 13. The second curtain take-up roller. 33 is also provided with a formation engaging a bearing 13 at its lower end. The first curtain roller 33 is provided with an extending shaft 11 and the second curtain roller 33 is provided with an upwardly extending shaft 13, both shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. shaft 11 by means of a spline (not shown) and held thereon by screw I3, most clearly shown in Fig, 9, and shaft 13 is provided with a pinion ll, best shown in Fig. 9 as attached in a like manner and held by a screw 33. The construction of the curtain tension rollers 43, 4| is most clearly shown in Fig. 36, wherein the camera bottom Thepinion 43 is attached to said plate is indicated at 8|, the tension roller bearing at 82, the tension roller bearing lock nut at 83, the curtain roller bushing at 84, the curtain roller tension shaft at 85 and the curtain roller tension spring at 86, the latter having one end engaging a hole 81 vin the shaft85. The other end engages a hole 88 in curtain roller bushing 88. Said curtain roller bushings 84 and 88 are attached to curtain roller 48 and are held integral therewith. Curtain tension shaft 85 has an upwardly extending end provided with threads 88 passing through a hole M in the upper camera wall 82 and is engaged by a shoulder screw or nut 83. Shaft 85 is also provided with a shoulder 84 which engages washer 85. A second washer 86 is fitted over the upper end 88 of shaft 85. This structure provides a ready means of adjusting curtain-roller tension, which is accomplished by engaging a screw driver in slot 86a of shaft 85 after having first loosened nut 83,'which also has a slotted head 81. The shaft 85 then can be turned in a clockwise direction to increase the tension of the spring 86. When sufiicient tension is obtained, the nut or shoulder screw 83 is turned in a clockwise direction, thus holding shaft 85 in a fixed position through the friction of washers 85 and 86 engaging camera wall 82. The curtain tension roller 4| is of similar construction, and therefore need not be described in detail.

Again referring to Fig. 2 (and Figs; 3 to 6), it wlli readily be understood that if gears 58 and 52 were caused to turn in a contraclockwise direction, pinion 48 meshing with gear 58 and pinion meshing with gear 52 would be caused to turn in a clockwise direction as viewed from the top of the camera, thus winding up on ourtain rollers 38 and 38. respectively, curtain tapes or ribbons 31 of the first curtain 35 and the second curtain 35A. The curtains will now appear as in Fig. 2 in the fully wound condition or in that condition just prior to making an exposure. When gear 58 is released in a manner hereinafter explained, pinion 48 meshing with gear 58 will be free to turn, and also the curtain roller 38 which is attached to gear 58 is free to turn and the first curtain 35 will then be wound up on curtain roller 4i under the influence of curtain roller spring 86. The construction of ourtain roller 4! and spring 86 is most clearly shown in Fig. 36, already referred to. ,When gear 52 is released, pinion M, which meshes therewith, is,

free to turn." The curtain roller 38 is also free to turn, thus ailowing the second curtain 35A to be wound up on curtain roller 48 under the influence of spring 85.

" in cam plate 54. This constitutes means for However, means are provided to control the timing of the release of gear 52 with respect to the release of gear 58 so as to provide means for controlling the slot width between the first curtain 35 and second curtain 35A, and thus ob- As previously stated, gear 58 is provided with a pin 58 and gear 52 is provided with pins 58, 68

and BI, all most clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6

and '1. Over the hub 53 of gear 58 is fitted the attached to gear 58. Spring IN is held down by shutter setting dial I82 (Fig. 8) that is held to.

'60 tain exposures of different time (that is to say, to obtain a different slot width).

changing the position of pin I84 with respect to gear 58 and cam plate 54. Said pin I84 also serves to key the knob 25 to the cam plate 54.

v'li'hus the knob 25 is caused to turn with cam plate 54. Said knob 25 is provided with an index mark I85. The index plate I82 is provided with a series of shutter speed designations I81, I81. This provides means for selecting the position of pin I84 with respect to cam plate 54. As

shown in Figs. 9 and 14, the upper end'of shaft 53 is provided with flats. The index plate I 82 is provided with an opening (88 (Fig. 8) to fit over the upper end of shaft 63, and it is held inl place by screw I83. Since curtain winding gear 58 is keyed to shaft 53 and cam plate 54 is riveted to gear 58 and index plate I82 is keyed to shaft 83, the relationship between cam plate 54 and index plate I 82 will remain constant, but the knob 25 can be changed'with respect to cam plate 54, and index mark I88 and shutter speed markings I81 clearly show what this relationship is at any time.

Fig. 6 shows the gear assembly in the condition in which the elements thereof will be when the shutter curtain 35, 35A are run all the way down. Insuch situation the pin H on; the gear 52 will be held against pin 61 on mechanism housing plate 65 under the tension of shutter curtain 35A. As previously stated, said gear 58 is attached to shaft 83, and shaft 63 carries cam- Inember 58 having a stop dog 18 held against.

stop 'II under the tension of curtain 35 and cur- 'tain ribbons 31. This construction is best shown in Fig. 4 in dotted lines, and also in Figs. 14 and 1'1. When shutter setting dial 25 is turned contraclockwise, it Tcarries withjt curtain winding gear 58 and cam plate 54 by means of pin I84 on knob 25 until the .camplate notch 55 reaches the position shown in Figs. 3 and 9. As the gear 58 is turned in a contraclockwise direction, the pin 58 is carried with gear 58 until it contacts with pin 59 on the gear. 52, thus carrying said gear 52 with it until it is in the position shown in Fig- 5. tion shown in Fig. 9, an extended portion MS of first curtain release lever I I8 pivoted on shoulder screw Ii8a, will engage said notch 58' under the influence of a spring II8b, thus holding the cam plate 54, gear 58 and gear 52 in this position, which is the curtain reset or ready position. The shutter setting or winding knob 25 has been referred to as'the means for restoring the first curtain 35 and second curtain 35A to the reset position, but in reality said knob 25 does not strictly serve this purpose, since the curtains 35 and 35A are reset through the medium of idler pinions I I2 and H3 and shutter drive gear II4, shown in Figs. 9, 12, 14 and 21. The said idler pinions H2 and H3 are attached to a pivot plate II 5 by means of shoulder rivets I I5, I I6, as shown in Fig. 12. The said pinion pivot plate H5 is provided with an extending arm I "la having an upturned end H1, and said plate 5 is caused to move in a clockwise direction under the influence of spring II8 (Fig; 9). I

Film winding-The construction of the film When th notch 55 reaches the posiwinding mechanism is shown in section in Fig. 14, wherein a shaft H9 passes through mechanism-bottom-plate 65 which has an upstanding portion I forming a bearing therefor. Said shaft II! is provided with flats I2I, I2I over which a ratchet sleeve I22 is placed, which has formed on its lower end a ratchet wheel I23. The pivot plate iii of Fig. 12 is provided with a hole I24 for the purpose of fitting over the ratchet sleeve I22, and it is free to pivot thereon under the influence of spring III. Beneath plate II! is a spacing washer I25, and betweenwasher I25 and the ratchet wheel I23 is fitted a bulb operating plate or rocker arm I26, a detail whereof is clearly shown in Figs. 22 and 23. Said plate I26 is provided with studs I21 and I23, upturned ends I29 and I33 and a hole "I. The ratchet sleev I22 passes through hole I3I, as clearly shown in Fig. 14. The operating plate I 26 is caused-to rotate in a clockwise direction under the influence of spring I32 coacting with the upturned end I23.

The extending sleeve I22 of the ratchet wheel I23 has fitted thereover the gear sleeve I33 of the gear H4. The said sleeve I33 is free to turn on sleeve I 22. However, sleeve I33 is provided with a keyway I35, shown most clearly in Figs.v

16 and 21, into which a key I33 'of the clutch drive member I31 is fitted, which is also provided with a second keying means I33 engaging clutch spring I39, the latter being a cylindrical'spring tending to open out against the inner wall of winding knob I40, as most clearly shown in Figs. 14 and 27.

As can be clearlyseen from Fig. 27, if the film winding knob I40 is turned in a clockwise direction, the clutch spring I39 tends to travel with the winding knob I40 due to the pressure exerted by the said clutch spring, which carries with it the upturned portion I38 of keying member I31 and the inward turned portion of keying member I31. Since the key I33 engages slot I of the sleeve I33, the latter will also be caused to turn unless an undue load is placed on sleeve I33 and gear II 4. Thus gear II4 can be stopped but the film winding knob I can continue to turn because of the friction engagement between it and the driving spring I39. The purpose of this provision will be more fully disclosed presently.

Again referring to Fig. 14, the said film winding knob I43 is keyed to shaft H3 by means of the said flats I2I, I2I on shaft II! and the hole in knob I43 to engage therewith. Also engaging said flats I2I, I2I is a ratchet plate I and a spacing washer I42. Said sleeve I22, knob I43, ratchet I and spacer I42 are clamped to the shaft II! by means of shoulder screw I43. The shoulder portion I44 of shoulder screw I43 has sufiicient length to allow winding lever 24 (Fig. 1) to rotate freely thereon. A ratchet pawl plate I45 is free to rotate about the spacing washer I42, but it has riveted thereto a pin I43 which, as best shownin Fig. 32, carries ratchet pawl I41 engaging film winding lever 24. A spring I48 holds ratchet pawl I41 in engagement with ratchet L. It will be seen that any movement of the film winding lever 24 in a clockwise direction will cause the winding knob I43 to be also turned in a clockwise direction, but when said film winding lever 24 is moved in a contraclockwise direction, no motion of knob I43 will take place.

The purpose of the structure Just described is thesametimethatafilmspoolisturnedfor winding or feeding the film. Since it will always be necessary to turn the film spool a greater distance than the shutter rewinding mechanism, it is necessary to provide a clutch means, one construction of which I have set forth.

Combined film winding and shutter windina.-' As previously stated mainly with reference to Fig. 9, the pivot plate II! carrying gears H2 and H3 (Fig. 12) is mounted on the ratchet sleeve I22. The pinion II3 meshes with the shutter drive gear H4 and pinion II2 which in turn meshes with shutter winding gear 53. Spring II3 causes said pivot plate II! to rotate in a clockwise direction, thus holding pinion H2 in mesh with gear 33. As the film winding lever 24 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the shutter drive gear H4 is also caused to rotate in a clockwise direction and through pinions H2 and H3 thecurtaingearlliscausedtoturninacontraclockwise direction until said gear I. is in position shown in Fig. 9. This will complete the shutter winding and any further motion of the film winding lever 24 can only take place through the slippage of clutch member I33, because said curtain gear 33 is prevented from turning by reason of the dog I33 of lever Ill engaging slot ll of the cam plate 54. However, it is necessary further to wind the film spool, which is engaged by shaft end 3| or shaft III having the key 32 for engfls na the slots in the take-up spool. The motion of film wi'nding lever 24is continued until sufiicient film has been wound on the film takeup spool to provide an area for the next exposure, after which all motion of the film winding knob I43 is arrested through ratchet plate I23 by means to be more fully described presently.

Mirror nooement (not herein claimed.)The camera is also provided with a mirror frame I43, showninthesetpositioninl 'ig. 14 andinthe released position in. dotted lines Fig. 17, and again in the set position in dotted lines Fig.v 19. As shown in Fig. 14, the mirror frame I43 is provided with an angle plate I 33 for holding the mirror in set position. Said mirror frame is provided with a hinge portion iii and a spacer I32 having a pin I33 passing therethrough and through camera walls 13, 13 to provide a pivot for said mirror frame, which is spring-loaded by spring I 33a (Hg. 17) to cause it normally to turn in an upward direction so that when the mirror is released, it will move upward into position shown in Fig. 1'1.

The mirror frame is also provided with a stud I54 which passes through the camera wall 13. The said stud is provided with a reduced end portion I53 which engages mirror reset arm III, most clearly shown in Figs. 15, 1'1 and 19. An opening I31 in the camera wall 13 allows mirror stud I34 to travel through an arc of approximately ninety degrees. Said arm I" is provided with an elongated slot Ill (Fig. 19) for engaging pin I" of stud I34. Thus any 'motion oi the arm I" will be transmitted to the mirror frame I43. Said arm I33 is pivoted on a shoulder stud I33, shown in Figs. l5, l7 and 19. Also pivoted on shoulder stud I33 is a second arm I33 having a bent-over portion I" which is engaged by spring I32 tending to cause arm I to rotate in a clockwise direction until the bentover portion III engages arm I33, thus causing any motion in a clockwise direction of arm I 33 tobetransmittedtoarm III. Saidarm Illis to enable the operator to rewind the shutter at 15 also provided with a stud I33 which is engaged ly turned portion I68 passing through opening I66a (Fig. 19) in the camera wall and an upwardly extending arm I61 passing through an opening I6Ia (Fig. 9) in the mechanism-bottomplate; The purpose of the inwardly extending portion I68 is to hold the mirror in set position as in Fig. 19. Said lever I65 is caused to rotate in a clockwise direction about pivot I59 under the influence of spring I88.

Instantaneous exposure-I will now describe the manner of making an instantaneous exposure for which the shutter setting knob 25 and dial I02 will be in the position shown in Fig. 8. lfhe shutter control mechanism will be in the set condition shown in Fig. 9f Pressure on shutter release knob 22, having a shaft I69 and a washer I10, will engage bell cranks HI and I12. Bell. crank "I is mounted on a shoulder screw I13 and bell crank I12 is mounted on a shoulder screw I14. Bell crank III will be caused to rotate in a contraclockwise direction and bell crank I12 in a clockwise direction. When bell crank I1I is caused to rotate in a contraclockwise direction, arm I61 is caused to be moved forward, thus swinging on pivot I59 to the position shown in'Fig. 17, thus disengaging inwardly turned end I66 (Fig. 14) from angle plate I50 of mirror frame I 49, allowing said mirror frame to swing up to the position shown in Fig. 17. As the mirror frame I49 swings up, the stud. I54 is carried therewith, causing the arm I56 to be carried with said stud through the engagement of pin I55 until it reaches the position shown in Figs. 15 and 17'. The arm I56 is provided with a part I15 (Figs. 16 and 19) which engaga an arm I18of the shutter release lever III. Thus the dog or projection I09 01 said lever I10 is withdrawn from slot 55 of the cam plate 54. Prior to this action of the mirror frame I49, the

' bell crank I12 is also rotated about its axis at shoulder screw I14. Said bell crank I12 is provided with a cam shaped end I11, most clearly shown in detail in Fig. 39, the purpose of which.

gear 50. This action takes place prior to the releasing of said mirror frame I49. This is necessary in order that gear 50 will be free to rotate when dog I09 of lever IIO is disengaged by extending arm I15, which is actuated by the mirror frame I49, as previously described.

When the arm I15, which passes through the,

slot I19 of the mechanism bed plate 65, contacts with the arm I16, thrusting lever H in a forward direction, it disengages dog I09 from slot 55 in the cam plate 54, thus allowing ourtain winding gear 50 to rotate. At the time the pinion II2 became disengaged from curtain winding gear 50, the upturned end I30 of the rocker plate I26 was also carried in a contraclockwise direction away from the horn-like end providing a full aperture.

I80 0! a lever I8I, most clearly shown in detail in Figs. and 11, and constituting the second curtain release lever. Said lever I8I is of a folded sheet metal structure really forming three arms, namely, arm I80 previously referred to, disengaging arm I82 and dog I83, the whole being pivoted on screw I84 and being under the influence of spring I85, shown in'Fig. 23. When the button 22 was pressed as previously described and rocker plate I26 was caused to move in a contraclockwise direction allowing horn-shaped arm I80 to move in a contraclockwise direction,

the dog I83 was permitted also to move in a clockwise direction and .to engage pin 60 of ourtain winding gear 52, as most clearly shown in Fig. 16. The mechanism will now be in the position shown in Fig. 16, wherein the curtain winding gear 50 carrying cam plate 54 has turned through a partial revolutionand carried with it pin I04, which on further turning will engage said lever end I82, causing dog I83 to be removed from the face of pin 50 of curtain winding gear 52, thus allowing the second curtain A to close. The setting Just described is for a wide opening (that is, the greatest possible slot width), and it is with this slot width that the ,-,th second exposure takes place.

It will clearly be seen that if pin I04 is set to engage any one of the other index holes I05, I05 oi the cam plate 54, the arm I82 of lever IIII will be caused to be thrust outwardly at an earlier time, thus releasing the second curtain "35A at a shorter interval after the release of the first curtain 35, and thereby providing a narrower aperture in the curtain structure.

If, for example, the pin I04 were in the position shown in Figs. 26 and 27, the shortest aperture would be provided. That is, the second curtain 35A would be released almost as soon as the first curtain 35 gets in motion, thus providing a very narrow aperture and a very high shutter speed. If, however, pin I04 were set in the location of index holes I05, the curtain release pin I04 would never contact with the arm (I82 of lever IBI, because curtain winding gear and cam plate 54 would be stopped before pin E04 reached contact arm E82, by reason of the dog 10 of the cam member 66 striking stop H, as shown in Fig. 17. Therefore, the pin IM under such conditions would not release the second curtain 35A. The first curtain 35 would run all the way down and leave the aperture fully open and the second curtain 35A wouid be held wound up on the curtain roller 39, thus An exposure would take place and continue until exposure button 22 is released. Rocker plate or arm I26 would thereupon be caused to move in a clockwise 'di-' rection underthe influence of spring I32 against upturned end I29 of the bulb exposure rocker arm or operating plate I26, which would cause the cam face I30 thereof to thrust lever arm 5 I80 outwardly, thus disengaging dog I83 from pin of the curtain winding gear 52, and allowing the second curtain 35A to close. This type of exposure is commonly called a bulb ersposure. The structure of bulb exposure rocker arm I26 (Fig. 22) and gear pivot plate H5 (Fig. 12) with upturned end II1, engaged by upturned end I30 when rocker arm I26 is moved in a contraclockwise direction, is provided to allow rocker arm I26 to return to starting posi tion, whereupon gear pivot plate II5 will be returned to its starting position under the inrlu- 'ence of spring'IIS, causing gear II2 to mesh ror frame I was in its upper position before curtain gear 50 started to rotate, roller I83 will be in position shown in Fig. 15, and as said cam member 88 revolves in a clockwise direction, its cam I will raise roller I", thus causing it to pass over the top surface of cam I. Said roller I" on lever I can move upward away from lever I" under the influence of spring I82, thus allowing. cam I to pass under roller I while the mirror is in the raised position. This action is most clearly shown in 1 18.15.

Snubber or cushioning action.The action of cam I in raising roller I" also serves as a snubber on the first curtain II. A gradually increasing pressure is introduced by,the tensioning of spring III as the cam I" passes under the roller I. After said cam I has completely passed roller I it, said lever It! returns to its position shown in Figs. 17 and 18.

The mechanism is now in the position shown in Figs. 17, 18 and 21, wherein the mirror frame I is in the up" position; curtain winding gears BI and 52 have allowed the curtains and "A to run all the way across and pinion H2 is again engaged with curtain winding gear 52- under the influence of spring Ill and the upturned end H! of pivot member III which, as stated, carries pinions H2 and H3.

Second exposure-Before a second exposure can be made, it is necessary to restore the shutter mechanism to the condition shown in Fig. 9 and at the same time to rewind or feed a new supply of film. This is done in the following manner.

Rewind lever 24 (Figs. 1 and 32) is moved in a clockwise direction and then returned, and this motion is repeated until said lever can be moved no further in a clockwise direction. when said lever 24 is moved in a clockwise direction, gear ill (see Fig. 21) is thereby caused to rotate in a clockwise direction, driving pinion H3 in a contraclockwise direction, pinion H2 in a clockwise direction, and curtain winding gear in a contraclockwise direction. This motion 1 will continue until curtain winding gear II and cam plate 54 are returned to the position shown in Fig. 9, wherein dog III of lever III will drop into notch 55 of cam plate 54, thus stopping curtain winding gear 50 from turning further. Said gear 5. carries a stud or pin l0, shown in section in Fig. '7, and the curtainwinding gear 52 carries a stud or pin II. As the curtain winding gear 50 advancu in a contraclockwise direction carrying with it stud ll, said stud will contact with stud II or curtain winding ear II, carrying said gear 52 along with said ear I. until the condition results shown in Fig. 9. Thus both curtains SI and A have been restored to the closed position. when the said curtains have run all the way down. there will be a space separating studli from stud 5!. This space is sufficient to allow said first curtain ll to overlie said second curtain A so that, when said curtains 38 and "A are and 10 designating 34 second.

contact with bracket H on the camera wall 13.

As the curtain winding gear Bl continued to rotate, the shaft 83 was turned with gear II by means previousl described, thus rotating cam member ll having cam I (Fig. 14). The forward end of said cam I thus passed over the top of the roller I 03, thuscamming down levers Ill and III and the mirror frame I" to the position shown in Figs. 14 and 19 through the agency of roller I, lever I", the turned-over portion "I, lever I, and pin III on stud I". The shutter mechanism and the mirror frame I will now be restored to proper condition for a second exposure. It is to be understood. however, that I have not yet described the manner in which forward motion of the lever N is stopped after the shutter has been newound. This I will do after describing the slow shutter speeds.

Slow shutter speed-I have previously referred to the slow shutter speed knob 21 and the slow shutter speed pointer 20, shown in Fig. 1. On shutter plate I0, Fig. l. I have provided a series of numerals,-i designating one second, 2 designating ti second, 5 designating 3%, sec-cud, "l" is a setting for all instantaneous speeds. For all speeds thus far described, the slow shutter speed pointer 20 was'in the position of "1," which is the position the parts occupy in P18. 27. For the so-called slow shutter speeds or those speeds wherein a time delay is introduced between the instant the first curtain 8| is released and the second curtain "A is released, the shutter setting dial II! and shutter setting knob will be positioned as in Fig. 8, with the index pointer ll! opposite 25-8 of the slow shutter speed dial I02.

Fig. 28 clearly shows the construction of the slow shutter speed knob 21, and the pointer 20 with its related parts. Bald knob 21 ismounted on a shaft Ill by means of fillister head screw Ill. Bald knob 21 is provided with a notch III and the slow shutter speed pointer 28 is provided with an upturned key Ill. The shaft I" is provided with an enlarged upper end III with hats I02 which engage an index plate I. The shaft I" through shutter cover plate ll (Fig. l) and has attached to its lower end a boss I which has an enlarged fiange I" provided with extending prongs I, I. The boss I passes through a hole in the mechanism-housing lower plate I. The index plate I is provided witha raised conical portion "1 to engage a series of indentations I, III of theshutter cover plate ll. One indentation is provided for each position of the slow shutter speed pointer It, as indicated in1"ig.27. The purpose of this constructionistoprovidealocktoholdthe pointer 18 in any of the selected positions.

In Fig.1!) is shown that portion of the slow shutter speed operating mechanism that is below the lower shutter plate ll. Therein is shown at I a shutter retarding lever having an upturned end III. A detail of said lever I is returned to the fully wound position, they will shown in Fig. 25. It is provided with two entouts forming sectors 20I, 20I. The said lever is riveted to shaft 202, as most clearly shown in Figs. 17, 19 and 28. The said shaft 202 is provided with an upper bearing 203 and a lower bearing mounted on a shaft 234. The said mechanism is also provided with a top bearing plate 235, most clearly shown in Figs. 17 and 19.

It will be evident that any motion of member 204, which are formed of angle plates riveted to. '205 in a rotary direction around pivot 223 will the mechanism plat I2. On the lower end of shaft-202 is provided a member 205, shown in detail in Fig. 3d, as provided with a hub 206 having a notch 20'! overlying a pin 200 of shaft 202',

cause the sector member 220 to be oscillated on shaft 223, and since said sector member 220 is provided with gear teeth 224 meshing with pinion '225, star wheel 221 will be caused to rotate. The

thus keying the. member 205 to said shaft 202. escapement 228 is so constructed that as star Said pin 208 is shown in position in Fig. 19- and in dotted lines Fig. 17. A spiral spring 209 havlng a hook end 2I0 is hooked on the upper bearing 203, and it has a turned-down end III which over-rides member 205, as shown in Fig. 17.

The spring 209 is both an expanding spring and a torsional spring,-that is, shaft 202 is thrust downward by said spring 209 and member 205, and is also turned in a clockwise direcwheel 22'I rotates, oscillating member 230 is caused to move so as to turn to oscillate inertiamember 233. This action puts a definite load upon sector 220 causing retarding action to be transmitted through member 205, shaft 202 and retarding lever I99.

The platform member 2) is also supported from the bottom of the camera by support member 236. Since the retarding lever I99 (Fig. 25)

tion thereby. To the mechanism-plate I2 is at- 20 is provided with the two cut-out sectors 20!, and

tached a boss 2I2, as shown in Fig. 14, to which latter is attached a rocker arm 2I3, best shown in Figs. 17 and 19, being attached to said boss 2I2 by a. shoulder screw 2 and being free to' the shutter speed dontrol mechanism is pro.- vided with two fingers I96, I96, which are positioned as clearly shown'in Fig. 24 in. dotted lines, the distance the retarding lever I99 can rock thereon. The outer end of rocker arm H3 35 travel in a clockwise direction under the action is provided with a bent-over portion having a rounded upper face 2I5, the shape of which ismost clearly shownin Fig. 14. The opposite end. of the said rocker arm 2I3 is provided with a of spring 209 .is determined by the setting of 7 slow shutter speed pointer 26. Since fingers I95, I96 are controlled by the slow shutter speed point 26, this position with respect to sectors 205 is bent-out end 2I6 which underlies the rounded definitely determined- Spring 209 tends it) cause end of shaft 202. On the said face 2I5 rides the lower end of cam member 60 which has a cut-away portion 2II (shown in Figs. 14, 1'1, 19 and 20) forming a cam for operating the rocker retarding lever I99 to travel in a clockwise direc- [tion until one end of sector 2% is stopped by a finger 696. Fingers I96 can be changed in position so that the upturned end 200 of retarding arm 2 I3. The position of said cut-out portion 2 I! 85 e 99 can be set to enga e p 51 immediately 'of cam member 66 is such that when the first curtain has run all the way down, the end 2I5 of said rocker arm 2I3 rides up on the surface 2I8 of cam member 68, as shown in Fig. 17, thus after curtain winding gear 52 has been released, thus providing the longest shutter opening. If retarding lever I99 is so positioned that pin 6i barely contacts with the upturned end 206, thus raising shaft 202 against spring 209 and retard- 40 moving ever 99 only sli htly, 8. very S rt eing lever I99. The upturned end 200 is now in position in front of pin 6|, as clearly shown in Fig. 1'7.

This cycle is so timed that said upturned end tion to pin 6| Just before the dog I83 (Figs. 9 and 10) is retracted from pin 60. It will readily be seen that if pin I04 were located in any other of the index holes 605 than in the one provided tardation of curtain winding gear 52 will take place.

Any one of the intermediate speeds is provided for by the series of holes I05 in thecam plate 54,

. 200 is raised into the described position in relas thus providing any preselected t m lag tween the instant the first curtain 35 is released and the instantthe second curtain 35A is released. After pin 6I has passed said upturned end 200 of the retarding lever 599, said lever for a 25th second or slow position, said dog I83 59 with its p d e d 200 s the ed to the would have been thrust away from pin 66 beforesaid upturned end 200 was brought into position in front of pin 6!. The purpose of this construction is to guard against the retarding action of starting position under the influence of spring 209. When the retarding lever I99 is in position for the longest exposure, it will be in the position shown in dotted lines, Figs. 8 and 16. When the the shutter curtain, so that only the second curas slow Shutter p e control finger 25 is set for tain 35A will be retarded. when the curtains are set for the widest slot.

Slow shutter speed retarding mechanism- Mechanism-plate I2 has its lower end bent out at shown in Figs. 19, 29 and 30. Mounted onthe shelf 2I9 is the retarding mechanism which consisis of a sector member 220 and sector arm 225 having a slot 222 into which the lower end. of

instantaneous, said retarding lever E99 and its upturned end 200 will be in the position shown in Fig. 2'7, so that pin 6| does not contact with upturned end 200 as curtain winding gear 52 and right angles forming a shelf 259, m t clearly w the second curtain 35A is allowed to run down.

Thus no retarding action is provided at such time.

The operation of the several slow shutter speeds is exactly the same as for an instantaneous member 205 engages. Said sector arm 220 is 35 posure excepting that either index I 96 or shutter pivoted on a shaft 223 and is free to rotate thereon; it is provided on its outer end with a series of gear teeth 224 which mesh with pinion 225 mounted on shaft 226. Also mounted on by an escapement plate 228 mounted on a shaft 229. Also attached to shaft 229 and caused to move with escapement plate 229, is an oscillating member 230 having one end bent downward knob 25 is set to the position 25-8 on shutter setting dial I02 and the slow shutter speed finger 26 is set to the speed desired. The button 22 is released in the usual manner for making an shaft 226 is a star wheel 221. which is engaged 70 exposure.

to engage a slot 23I of inertia-member 233 I22. thereby disengaging dog I93 from the pin 60.

the second curtain winding gear 52 of the second curtain 35A was released, said gear 52 cannot rotate until it has caused retarding lever I39 to move out of the path of pin I.

Film feeding and shutter interlock.The film feeding and shutter interlock mechanism will next be described.

To load the camera, a film cartridge of standard manufacture is placed in film chamber 41 (Fig. 2) over shaft end 43 and shaft key 44. The spool of the cartridge is held central with stud 45 mounted on a spring hinge (not shown). An empty spool is placed in take-up film chamber 45 in a similar manner, and the film on the spool in film chamber 41 is led across the back of the camera and engaged with the spool in take-up film chamber 45. The cover 235 is then replaced. The structure of the film chambers is most clearly shown in Fig. 29, the take-up chamher only being there shown. The take-oil chamber is of similar construction. The film spool flange is shown at 233. The film spool is, of course, provided with fianges on both sides of the film strip. The film spool core is shown at 245 and the film at 24I as passing over an idler 242, and across the camera back plate 243 riveted to the film chamber housing 34 by rivets 244. The film chamber housing is also connected to the camera housing 25 by screws 245. Attached to the film housing is a pressure spring 245 held in place by rivets 241, 241. Attached to the camera cover 235 is a spring 245 by means of rivets 249. The purpose of said spring 245 is to hold a pressure plate 255 in contact with the film strip 24I. The said pressure plate 255 is held to spring 245 by shoulder rivet 25I. The camera back cover 235 is provided with the usual slide locks designated as 23 in several of the figures, particularly Figs. 1 and 29. As previously stated, the structure of the other half of the camera is not shown in Fig. 29, but is substantially the same.

It was previously pointed out that as lever 24 l) is rocked forward and back, the film 24I is caused to wind up on the film spool core 245 Fig. 29) at the same time that the shutter is rea wound and that it is necessary to continue winding film even though the shutter is completely wound, so as to advance the film a sufficient distance to expose a new surface thereof for the exposure opening, and when sufiicient film has been advanced, forward motion of lever 24 is arrested. I will now describe the means for doing this.

As clearly shown in Fig. 35, the shaft 43 has a key 44 onto which the take-up spool is fitted. Said shaft 43 passes through the camera wall or casting 52 and has a pinion 252 attached thereto. Under said pinion 252 is a spacing washer 253, and the pinion 252 has a knurled surface 254 pressed into a hole in shaft 43. Said pinion 252 meshes with a gear 255 which has a pinion 255 forming a hub on gear 255. A washer 251 is riveted to pinion 255, thus forming a short hub at the under side of gear 255, which rotates around a shaft 255a fastened into the casting 52 and prevented from turning therein by a knurled portion.255. Said pinion 255 meshes with a gear 255 having a hub 255. On the upper surface of said gear hub 255 is placed an index plate 252. A shaft 25I with a reduced end 253 passes through ,m (Figs. 36, 3'1, 381

a hole in the index plate 252 and a hole in gear 255 and is riveted thereto, thus hoiding gear 255. index plate 252 and shaft 25I as an integral unit. The upper end of said shaft 251 is provided with fiats 254, 254 over which the knob 35 is fitted, it having a hole so shaped as to fit the said shaft fiats 254, 254. The knob 35 is held in place by a fillister head screw 255. The measuring mechanism cover I5 is provided with a hub 255 through which shaft 25I passes.

A spring 251a rides in a slot over hub 255a and presses downwardly onto index plate 252. structure provides means for setting index plate 252 at any predetermined point by raising knob 35, thus disengaging gear 259 from pinion 255, and allowing knob 30 to be turned together with index plate 252. Said index plate 252 is provided with a series of notches 255, 255, most clearly shown in Fig. 32. These notches are provided with numbers from 1 to 12, each representing an exposure area on the film. At the position of each notch is a turned-down lip or tooth 251, most clearly shown in Fig. 36 and in detail in Figs. 33 and 34.

On the shoulder screw 51 (Figs. 32, 3'7, 38) is pivoted a lever 255 having a hole 253 and also having an upturned end 215 (Figs. 33, 34). To the under side of'lever 758 is secured by rivet 212 a spring 21I (Figs. 33, 36) which is provided with a clearance hole to clear the bushing 93a (Fig. 36). The forward end oi spring 21I is preraliy by means of a pin 'ing through a hole in spring 211, which wed to move downward away from lever 253 when riding over turneddown portions 251. with an extending lip 214, Fig. 3'7, also shown in dotted lines in Fig. 38. Through the hole 259 of the lever 255 passes an upturned end of a shaft 215, which passes across the back of the camera and is threaded into a bushing 215 of the locking plate 211, as most clearly shown in Figs. 32 and 36. Said locking plate 211 is provided with a slot 215 through which the shoulder screw I54 passes, and with a second slot 215 through which shoulder screw 255 passes. Said locking plate 211 is free to slide horizontally under control of lever 255 and pin I25 of the rocking :m ber I25. As shown in Fig. 9, the locking pir. is in such a position that it is about to iii. locking plate 211 to the right. The iatter is pnvided with an extending arm having point "I which engages ratchet I 23 as shown in Fig. 9, wherein locking plate 211 has been moved all the way to the left, thus causing point 25I thereof to engageteeth of ratchet I23. Said locking plate 211 has been caused to move to the left under the influence of spring 252, shown in Fiiz, 32. which has caused lever 255 to move in a clockwise direction and upturned end 215 has entered the No. 1 slot of the index plate 252. The motion of lever 255 is transmitted to the locking plate 211 by said shaft 215, as most clearly shown in Fig. 32. The said ratchet I23 is now locked and is prevented from turning in a clockwise direction. A dog 253, shown in Fig. 9, is provided to prevent ratchet I23 from turning in a contraclockwise direction. Saiddog 253 is pivoted on a stud 254, having nut 255 to hold it in place, and is caused to move in a clockwise direction under the influence of a spring 255.

The operation of the measuring device.-After having placed a spool of film in the supply chamber and threaded the film onto the emp y in the take-up chamber and the camera back is Said spring 21I is provided 

